Reasoning By Analogy According to The Ibāḍis In The Second Century AH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/ijfus.v9i1.365Keywords:
Ibadis, Abū Ghānim, Abū ʿUbaydah, analogy, Ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzAbstract
This research presents a preliminary study on qiyas (analogy) in the Ibadi School, focusing on the second century A. H. in which Abū ʿUbaydah Muslim bin Abī Karīmah and his students were present. It has shown that the school paid early attention to analogy. Abū ʿUbaydah, al-Rabīʿ, and Ibn ʿAbd al- ʿAzīz used it to varying degrees, and the latter one comes in the forefront of those who used it abundantly. Abū ʿUbaydah initially expressed reservations, due to the absence of standardized values, and the fear of adopting whims as a hidden premise for analogy, especially if the matter was related to dimāʾ (killing life) and furūj (private parts). However, the applied practices of what later became known to the uṣūlī scholars as the qiyas al-ʿillah wa al-dalālah (analogy of cause and indication) were evident in Abū ʿUbaydah’s masāʾil (issues) and inspired in his later students. Ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz considered Abū ʿUbaydah as skilled and precise in his applications of analogy. This research traces these applications through the Mudawwanah (writings) of Abū Ghānim Al-Khurāsānī (d. 200 A. H.).
Downloads
Metrics
References
Al-Āmidī, ʿA. (1404 AH). Al-Iḥkām fī uṣūl al-aḥkām (S. al-Jamīlī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī.
Al-Azdī al-Baṣrī, R. (1415 AH). Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ musnad al-Imām al-Rabīʿ ibn Ḥabīb (M. Idrīs & ʿĀ. Yūsuf, Eds.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Ḥikmah; Maktabat al-Istiqāmah.
Al-Bājī, A. (1987). Al-Minhāj fī tartīb al-ḥijāj (ʿA. al-Turkī, Ed.). Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī.
Al-Bayhaqī, A. (1989). Al-Sunan al-ṣughrā (M. Ḍ. al-Aʿẓamī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Maktabat al-Dār.
Al-Fasawī, Y. (1999). Al-Maʿrifah wa-al-tārīkh (K. al-Manṣūr, Ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Ghassānī, ʿA. (1411 AH). Takhrīj al-aḥādīth al-ḍiʿāf min sunan al-Dārquṭnī (A. ʿA. ʿAbd al-Raḥīm, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār ʿĀlam al-Kutub.
Al-Ghazālī, M. (1400 AH). Al-Mankhūl fī taʿlīqāt al-uṣūl (M. Ḥ. Hītū, Ed.) (2nd ed.). Dār al-Fikr.
Al-Ghazālī, M. (1413 AH). Al-Mustaṣfā fī ʿilm al-uṣūl (M. ʿA. ʿAbd al-Shāfī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-ʿIlmī, ʿA. (2000). Masālik al-dalālah bayna al-lughawiyyīn wa-al-uṣūliyyīn (1st ed.). Maṭbaʿat Infūbrīnt.
Al-Jaṣṣāṣ, A. (1405 AH). Aḥkām al-Qurʾān (M. al-Qamḥāwī, Ed.). Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Al-Juwaynī, ʿA. (1418 AH). Al-Burhān fī uṣūl al-fiqh (ʿA. M. al-Dīb, Ed.) (4th ed.). Al-Wafāʾ.
Al-Kāsānī, ʿA. (1982). Badāʾiʿ al-ṣanāʾiʿ fī tartīb al-sharāʾiʿ (2nd ed.). Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī.
Al-Khurāsānī, B. (1984). Al-Mudawwanah al-kubrā (M. Y. Aṭfayyish, Ed.) (1st ed.). Wizārat al-Turāth al-Qawmī wa-al-Thaqāfah.
Al-Khurāsānī, B. (1983). Al-Mudawwanah al-ṣughrā (1st ed.). Wizārat al-Turāth al-Qawmī wa-al-Thaqāfah.
Al-Khurāsānī, B. (2006). Al-Mudawwanah al-ṣughrā (I. al-ʿAsākir, Ed.) (1st ed.). Maktabat al-Jīl al-Wāʿid.
Al-Nāmī, ʿU. (2001). Dirāsāt ʿan al-Ibāḍiyyah (M. Khūrī & M. Jarrār, Trans.; M. Ṣ. Nāṣir & M. Bājū, Eds.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī.
Al-Sālimī, ʿA. (1993). Sharḥ ṭalʿat al-shams. Wizārat al-Turāth al-Qawmī wa-al-Thaqāfah.
Al-Samʿānī, M. (1997). Qawāṭiʿ al-adillah fī al-uṣūl (M. Ḥ. al-Shāfiʿī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Ṣanʿānī, M. (1379 AH). Subul al-salām sharḥ bulūgh al-marām min adillat al-aḥkām (M. ʿA. al-Khūlī, Ed.) (4th ed.). Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Al-Ṣanʿānī, M. (1986). Uṣūl al-fiqh al-musammā ijābat al-sāʾil sharḥ bughyat al-āmil (Ḥ. al-Siyāghī & Ḥ. M. al-Ahdal, Eds.) (1st ed.). Muʾassasat al-Risālah.
Al-Shammākhī, A. (1987). Al-Siyar (A. S. al-Siyābī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Wizārat al-Turāth al-Qawmī wa-al-Thaqāfah.
Al-Shāshī, A. (1402 AH). Uṣūl al-Shāshī. Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī.
Al-Shawkānī, M. (1992). Irshād al-fuḥūl ilā taḥqīq ʿilm al-uṣūl (M. S. al-Badrī, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Fikr.
Al-Shīrāzī, I. (1985). Al-Lumaʿ fī uṣūl al-fiqh (1st ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Subkī, ʿA. (1404 AH). Al-Ibhāj fī sharḥ al-minhāj ʿalā minhāj al-wuṣūl ilā ʿilm al-uṣūl lil-Bayḍāwī (Jamāʿah min al-ʿUlamāʾ, Eds.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Sulamī, ʿI. (n.d.). Qawāʿid al-aḥkām fī maṣāliḥ al-anām (Vols. 1-2). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Zabīdī, M. (n.d.). Tāj al-ʿarūs min jawāhir al-qāmūs (Majmūʿah min al-Muḥaqqiqīn, Eds.). Dār al-Hidāyah.
Al-Zarkashī, B. (2000). Al-Baḥr al-muḥīṭ fī uṣūl al-fiqh (M. M. Tāmir, Ed.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Ḥammūdī, ʿĀ. H. (2007). Mawāṭin al-ikhtilāf fī al-ārāʾ al-uṣūliyyah bayna al-Ibāḍiyyah wa-al-Ẓāhiriyyah fī maṣādir al-tashrīʿ [Doctoral dissertation]. Al-Jāmiʿah al-Islāmiyyah bi-Baghdād.
Ibn al-ʿArabī, A. (1999). Al-Maḥṣūl fī uṣūl al-fiqh (Ḥ. ʿA. al-Yadrī & S. Fūdah, Eds.) (1st ed.). Dār al-Bayāriq.
Ibn al-Qayyim, M. (1973). Iʿlām al-muwaqqiʿīn ʿan rabb al-ʿālamīn (Ṭ. ʿA. Saʿd, Ed.). Dār al-Jīl.
Ibn Amīr al-Ḥājj. (1996). Al-Taqrīr wa-al-taḥrīr fī ʿilm al-uṣūl. Dār al-Fikr.
Ibn Ḥazm, ʿA. (1404 AH). Al-Iḥkām fī uṣūl al-aḥkām (1st ed.). Dār al-Ḥadīth.
Ibn Manẓūr, M. (1414 AH). Lisān al-ʿArab (3rd ed.). Dār Ṣādir.
Ibn Zayd, J. (n.d.). Rasāʾil Jābir ibn Zayd [Manuscript].
Khusraw, M. (1302 AH). Mirʾāt al-uṣūl fī sharḥ mirqāt al-fuṣūl. Maṭbaʿat al-Ḥājj Muḥarram Afandī al-Būsnawī.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The IIUM journal follows the open access policy.
Consent to publish: The Author(s) agree to publish their articles with IIUM Press.
Declaration: The Author(s) declare that the article has not been published before in any form and that it is not concurrently submitted to another publication, and also that it does not infringe on anyone’s copyright. The Author(s) holds the IIUM Press and Editors of the journal harmless against all copyright claims.
Transfer of copyright: The Author(s) hereby agree to transfer the copyright of the article to IIUM Press, which shall have the exclusive and unlimited right to publish the article in any form, including in electronic media. However, the Author(s) will reserve the right to reproduce the article for educational and scientific purposes provided that the written consent of the Publisher is obtained. For the article with more than one author, the corresponding author confirms that he/she is authorized by his/her co-author(s) to grant this transfer of copyright.
